Ŀ¼
Ò»¡¡Ñ§ÔºÓëÊг¡µÄÂä²î 3
¶þ¡¡ÂüÀ¥µÄ¾¼ÃѧµÚÒ»¿Î 6
Èý¡¡ÂüÀ¥µÄÐÒ¸£Éú»î 10
ËÄ¡¡¹þ·ðµÚÒ»ÈÎŮУ³¤¾ÍÖ°µäÀñ¼ûÎÅ 13
Îå¡¡³É¹¦µÄÖ¤Ã÷ 17
Áù¡¡ÃÀ¹ú×Üͳ¾¼Ã¹ËÎʵÄÖÐÃÀóÒ×¹Û 20
Æß¡¡ÂüÀ¥£ºÆƽâÃÀ¹ú¡°Ë«³à×Ö¡± 23
°Ë¡¡¾¼Ãѧ¼ÒµÄ¡°·è¿ñ¡±Ïë·¨ 26
¾Å¡¡Öйúº³¶¯ÊÀ½ç£¿ 29
Ê®¡¡Ñ¡²ÄÖ®µÀ 31
ʮһ¡¡¸ÐÊÜÊý¾Ý 33
Ê®¶þ¡¡ÂüÀ¥µÄ¡°×îºóÌðµã¡± 36
Ê®Èý¡¡ÈøĬ˹ÖØ·µ¹þ·ð½²Ìà 40
Ê®ËÄ¡¡²¼À׶ÙÌåϵµÄµ®ÉúºÍæÓ±ä 43
Ê®Îå¡¡¹ú¼ÊÕ³ÌÓë¹ú¼ÒÒâÖ¾ÊëÖØ£¿ 47
Ê®Áù¡¡ÇøÓò×ÔÓÉóÒ×ÐÒéÊÇ·ñ´Ù½øÈ«ÇòóÒ×£¿ 50
Ê®Æß¡¡±£»¤ÖªÊ¶²úȨ¶ÔËÓÐÀû£¿ 55
Ê®°Ë¡¡¼ÙÈçÄãÊÇÏã¸Û½ð¹Ü¾Ö×ܲà 59
Ê®¾Å¡¡¾¼ÃѧģÐ͵ÄÁé»îÔËÓà 62
¶þÊ®¡¡Íì¾ÈÄ«Î÷¸ç 67
¶þʮһ¡¡¡°»ªÊ¢¶Ù¹²Ê¶¡±ÊÇ·ñÍòÄÜ£¿ 72
¶þÊ®¶þ¡¡¶Ô»°Â³±ö 76
¶þÊ®Èý¡¡Pritchett»Áú£¬ÈøĬ˹µã¾¦ 82
¶þÊ®ËÄ¡¡×îºóÒ»¿Î 86
¶þÊ®Îå¡¡ÂüÀ¥×ܽᾼÃѧÔÀí 90
¶þÊ®Áù¡¡ÈçºÎÑ°ÕÒÐÒ¸£Ö®Â· 98
¶þÊ®Æß¡¡µ±Ç°¾¼ÃÓë70Äê´úÖÍÕÍÖ®Òìͬ 101
¶þÊ®°Ë¡¡Ê§°ÜµÄºÃ´¦ 106
¶þÊ®¾Å¡¡ÊÂÒµÓë¼ÒÍ¥µÄ¾¼Ãѧ 110
ÈýÊ®¡¡¹þ·ðר¼Ò½â¶Á½ðÈÚΣ»ú 114
Èýʮһ¡¡ÈçºÎÅàÑøÁìµ¼²ÅÄÜ 121
ÈýÊ®¶þ¡¡±çÂÛÃÀ¹úÒ½ÁÆÕþ²ß 125
ÈýÊ®Èý¡¡Ç°ÃñÖ÷µ³×ÜͳºòÑ¡ÈËÆÀ×Üͳ´óÑ¡ 130
ÈýÊ®ËÄ¡¡ÈÕ±¾¡°Ê§È¥µÄÊ®Äꡱ֮ÏÖʵÒâÒå 134
ÈýÊ®Îå¡¡±È½Ï°Â°ÍÂíÓëÂó¿¶÷µÄ¾¼ÃÕþ²ß 137
ÈýÊ®Áù¡¡Éú²»Éúº¢×ӵľ¼Ãѧ½âÊÍ 142
ÈýÊ®Æß¡¡Ò»ÃûÍâ¹ú¼ÇÕßÑÛÀïµÄÖйú 145
ÈýÊ®°Ë¡¡¸ßµÈ½ÌÓýºÎÈ¥ºÎ´Ó£¿ 148
ÈýÊ®¾Å¡¡¿ç¹ú¹«Ë¾ÈçºÎ×ö¹ú¼ÊͶ×Ê 151
ËÄÊ®¡¡¹þ·ðÔâÊÜ40ÄêÀ´×î´óͶ×ÊËðʧ 155
ËÄʮһ¡¡Ã³Ò×±£»¤Õþ²ßÓÐÀû¿ÉͼÂ𣿠159
ËÄÊ®¶þ¡¡×ÔÓÉóÒ×±ØÈ»´øÀ´¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹Â𣿠166
ËÄÊ®Èý¡¡°Â°ÍÂíÐÂÕþµÄÈý¸öÕùÂÛµã 169
ËÄÊ®ËÄ¡¡ÃÀ¹ú¾¼ÃΣ»úµÄÁ½¸ö³ÉÒò 175
ËÄÊ®Îå¡¡·Ñ¶ûµÂ˹̹½²»õ±ÒÕþ²ß 181
ËÄÊ®Áù¡¡¸ñÁÖ˹ÅËΪºÎ³¤ÆÚʵÐеÍÀûÂÊÕþ²ß 185
ËÄÊ®Æß¡¡·Ñ¶ûµÂ˹̹ÑÛÖеÄÃÀ¹ú¾Þ¶î²ÆÕþ³à×Ö 189
ËÄÊ®°Ë¡¡¿¶÷˹ÀíÂÛµÄÀûÓë±× 193
ËÄÊ®¾Å¡¡ÖÐÃÀÈçºÎºÏ×÷ÒÔ»º½âÈ«ÇòÆøºò±äů£¿ 197
ÎåÊ®¡¡´Ó¾¼Ãѧ½Ç¶È·ÖÎö»·¾³ÎÊÌâ 202
Îåʮһ¡¡Õ÷ÊÕÎÛȾ˰ºÍÅä¶î½»»»ÖÆ¶È±È½Ï 207
ÎåÊ®¶þ¡¡¾¼ÃΣ»úÖеĹþ·ð´óѧ 212
ÎåÊ®Èý¡¡·Ñ¶ûµÂ˹̹ÆÀÎöÃÀ¹úË°ÊÕÖÆ¶È 216
ÎåÊ®ËÄ¡¡·Ñ¶ûµÂ˹̹ÆÀÎöÃÀ¹úË°ÊÕÖƶȣ¨Ï£© 220
ÎåÊ®Îå¡¡¿ª·Å¾¼ÃÖеÄË°ÊÕÕþ²ß£ºÃ¨ÊóÓÎÏ·£¨ÉÏ£© 227
ÎåÊ®Áù¡¡¿ª·Å¾¼ÃÖеÄË°ÊÕÕþ²ß£ºÃ¨ÊóÓÎÏ·£¨Ï£© 233
ÎåÊ®Æß¡¡ÃÀ¹úÉç»á±£ÕÏÖƶȵÄÌôÕ½Óë³ö·£¨ÉÏ£© 240
ÎåÊ®°Ë¡¡ÃÀ¹úÉç»á±£ÕÏÖƶȵÄÌôÕ½Óë³ö·£¨Ï£© 247
ÎåÊ®¾Å¡¡ÃÀ¹úóÒ×Õþ²ßµÄºËÐÄÎÊÌ⣨ÉÏ£© 253
ÁùÊ®¡¡ÃÀ¹úóÒ×Õþ²ßµÄºËÐÄÎÊÌ⣨Ï£© 258
Áùʮһ¡¡ÃÀ¹úÓ¦¸Ã³ÖʲôÑùµÄÄÜÔ´Õþ²ß£¿ 264
ÁùÊ®¶þ¡¡ÃÀ¹úµÄ¹ú¼Ò°²È«Óë¾¼Ãѧ 269
ÁùÊ®Èý¡¡¹«¹²²ÆÕþÁìÓòÀïµÄÇ°ÑØÐÔÑо¿£¨ÉÏ£© 274
ÁùÊ®ËÄ¡¡¹«¹²²ÆÕþÁìÓòÀïµÄÇ°ÑØÐÔÑо¿£¨ÖУ© 278
ÁùÊ®Îå¡¡¹«¹²²ÆÕþÁìÓòÀïµÄÇ°ÑØÐÔÑо¿£¨Ï£© 283
ÁùÊ®Áù¡¡ÃÀ¹ú¾¼ÃÇ°¾°ÒÀÈ»ÁîÈ˱¯¹ÛµÄÀíÓÉ 288
ÁùÊ®Æß¡¡¹þ·ð×ʲú¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾Ö÷ϯ´ðÒÉ 293
ÁùÊ®°Ë¡¡¹þ·ð´óѧ±ÏÒµµäÀñ£¨ÉÏ£© 299
ÁùÊ®¾Å¡¡¹þ·ð´óѧ±ÏÒµµäÀñ£¨Ï£© 304
ÆßÊ®¡¡¿âç꣺ÃÀ¹ú´¢Ðî²»×ã²¢ÎÞËùν 312
Ò»¡¡Ñ§ÔºÓëÊг¡µÄÂä²î
¹þ·ð¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾Ö÷ϯµÄÊÕÈëÔÚ´óѧËãÊǼ«¸ßµÄ£¬µ«ÓëÔÚ˽ÈË»ù½ð¹«Ë¾¿ÉµÃµÄÊÕÈë¼äÈÔ´æÔÚ¾Þ´óÂä²î
¹þ·ð´óѧ²»½öÊÇÃÀ¹ú×îÀÏÅƵĴóѧ£¬¶øÇÒÒ²ÊÇ×ÓеÄ˽Á¢´óѧ¡£ÕâµÃÒæÓÚÓɹþ·ðУÓÑ»á¾è¿îºÍ300¶àÄêÀ´¹ã·ºµÄÉç»á×ÊÖú¹¹³ÉµÄ¾èÔù»ù½ð¡£¸Ã»ù½ð¹æÄ£ÅÓ´ó£¬ÇÒÎÞÐèÕþ¸®Ö§³Ö¡£½ØÖÁ½ñÄê6ÔÂ30ÈÕ£¬¹þ·ð»ñµÃµÄ¾è¿î×ܼÛÖµÒÑÓÉÒ»ÄêÇ°µÄ292ÒÚÃÀÔªÔö³¤µ½349ÒÚÃÀÔª¡£
Õâ±Ê×ʽð×Ô1974ÄêÆ𣬱ãÓÉѧУÄÚ²¿Ò»¸ö½Ð×ö¡°¹þ·ð¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾¡±£¨Harvard¡¡Management¡¡pany£¬HMC£©µÄ»ù½ð¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾¹ÜÀí¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬Õâ±Ê×ʽ𲢲»Êǵ¥Ò»µÄ£¬¶øÊÇÓÉÔ¼1¡£1Íò¸öµ¥¶ÀµÄ»ù½ð×é³É£¬ÆäÖÐÐí¶à½öÏÞÓÚÌض¨ÓÃ;£¬ÀýÈçÖ§³Öij¸öÑо¿ÖÐÐÄ»òijһ¸öÌض¨µÄÑз¢ÏîÄ¿¡£HMCÒÔµÍÓÚÍⲿ»ù½ð¹ÜÀí»ú¹¹µÄ³É±¾£¬ÕƹÜ×ÅѧУӵÓеÄËùÓоè¿î¡¢Äê½ð¡¢ÐÅÍлù½ðºÍÆäËûͶ×Ê¡£
¹þ·ðËØÓйÍÓûª¶û½ÖµÄÃ÷ÐÇÈËÎïÕƶæHMCµÄ´«Í³£¬µ«È´ÍùÍùÄÑʹÕâЩÈËÓä¿ìµØ¡°ÔÚÆäλ¡¢Ä±ÆäÕþ¡±¡£HMCÖ÷ϯºÍÊ×ϯִÐйÙĺ±Ä¬µÂ¡¤°£¶û£°£Àû°²£¨Mohamed¡¡A¡£ElErian£©ÔÚ¾ÍÖ°¸Õ¸ÕÒ»Äê¶àºó±ãÐû²¼´ÇÖ°¡£Ëû¼Æ»®½ñÄê»Øµ½×Ô¼º´ËÇ°¹©Ö°µÄλÓÚ¼ÓÖݵÄ˽ÈË»ù½ð¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾¡£
³öÈËÒâÁϵÄÊÇ£¬°£¶û£°£Àû°²ÊÇÔÚ»ù½ðͶ×ÊʵÏÖÁ¬ÐøÒ»ÄêµÄÇ¿¾¢Ôö³¤Ö®ºó´ÇÖ°µÄ¡£ÔÚ½ØÖÁ2007Äê6ÔÂ30ÈյIJÆÕþÄê¶ÈÖУ¬¹þ·ð´óѧ»ñµÃÁË23¡£0£¥µÄ»Ø±¨ÂÊ¡£2007ÄêÒ²³ÉΪ×ÔHMCÓÚ1974Äê´´Á¢ÒÔÀ´Òµ¼¨×îºÃµÄÒ»Ä꣬ÉõÖÁÓÅÓÚÆäËû´óÐÍͶ×ʹÜÀí»ú¹¹µÄÒµ¼¨¼Ç¼¡£HMC¸ß´ï23¡£0£¥µÄ»Ø±¨ÂÊ£¬²»µ«ÓÅÓÚTrust¡¡Universe¡¡parison¡¡ServiceËù²âËãµÄ151¼Ò´óÐÍͶ×Ê»ù½ðµÄÒµ¼¨ÖÐÖµ17¡£7£¥£¬»¹¸ßÓÚÆäÖÐÒµ¼¨×î¼ÑµÄÇ°5£¥¼Ò»ù½ðµÄÖÐÖµ20¡£9£¥¡£23¡£0£¥ÕâÒ»Êý×Ö£¬Ê¹µÃ¹þ·ð¾èÔù×ʽðÔÚ½üÊ®Äê¼äµÄÄê¾ù»Ø±¨ÂÊ´ïµ½15¡£0£¥£¬¶øÎåÄêÀ´µÄÄê¾ù»Ø±¨Âʸü¸ß´ï18¡£4£¥¡£´ËÇ°£¬HMC×Ô³ÉÁ¢ÒÔÀ´µÄÄê¾ù»Ø±¨ÂÊΪ13¡£3£¥¡£
³ÖÐøµÄ¸ß»Ø±¨ÂÊÇÐʵÔöÇ¿Á˶Թþ·ðѧÊõÏîÄ¿ºÍ½ÌѧÈÎÎñµÄÖ§³Ö£¬°üÀ¨½ðÈÚÔ®Öú¡¢Ô±¹¤Ð½³êºÍÉèʩά»¤µÈµÈ¡£¹þ·ð´óѧµÄÿ¸öѧԺ¶¼¿ÉʹÓÃͶ×Ê¡¢Ä¼¼¯µÄÀ¡ÔùºÍѧ·ÑÀ´Ö§¸¶½Ìѧ³É±¾¡£¶øµ¥Æ¾¹þ·ðµÄѧ·ÑÖ»ÄÜÖ§¸¶×ܽÌÓý¾·ÑµÄÈý·ÖÖ®¶þ¡£
¹þ·ðÿÄê°Ñ5£¥µÄ¾èÔù»ù½ð»¨ÔÚ´óѧÏîÄ¿ÉÏ¡£ÔÚ2007²ÆÕþÄ꣬À´×Ô¾èÔùµÄ×ʽðÖ§³ÖÁ˼¸ºõÈý·ÖÖ®Ò»µÄѧУԤË㣬¹²11ÒÚÃÀÔª¡£Í¬Ê±£¬¾èÔù»ù½ð×ÊÖúÁ˹þ·ðѧÉú×ʽðÔ®ÖúÏîÄ¿¡£ÕâÑù£¬ÎÞÂÛѧÉúÊÇ·ñÓÐÄÜÁ¦¸¶Ñ§·Ñ£¬Ö»ÒªºÏ¸ñ£¬Ñ§Ð£¶¼¿ÉÒÔÕÐÊÕ¡£
×Ô2001²ÆÕþÄêµ½2007²ÆÕþÄ꣬ѧУ»ù½ð·¢·ÅµÄ½±Ñ§½ðºÍ¸÷ÖÖѧÉú½±Àø´Ó1¡£56ÒÚÃÀÔªÔö¼Óµ½ÁË3¡£02ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬Ôö·ù³¬¹ý94£¥¡£¶øͬÆÚ£¬»ù½ð·ÖÅäÔÚËùÓйþ·ðÏîÄ¿Éϵľ·Ñ£¬´Ó6¡£15ÒÚÃÀÔªÕÇÖÁ10¡£4ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬Ôö·ù³¬¹ý70£¥¡£
½üÄêÀ´£¬¹þ·ð¶ÔÆä¾èÔù»ù½ðµÄÒÀÀµÐÔÓÐËùÔö³¤¡£ÔÚ1997²ÆÕþÄ꣬¾èÔùÊÕÈë½öռѧУ×ÜÊÕÈëµÄ21£¥£»¶øµ½2007²ÆÕþÄ꣬ÕâÒ»Êý×ÖÒÑ´ï33£¥¡£
¾ÍÔÚʹ¾èÔù»ù½ðÈ¡µÃÁË´´¼Ç¼µÄ»Ø±¨Âʼ°ÓëÈÕ¾ãÔöµÄÖØÒªÐÔʱ£¬°£¶û£°£Àû°²È´ÒªÀ뿪¹þ·ð£¬µ¼ÖÂËû´ÇÖ°¼°Æ䲻ͬѰ³£µÄ¶ÌÔÝÈÎÆÚµÄÖ±½ÓÔÒò²»Ã÷¡£ÈËÃÇÖ»ÖªµÀ£¬ËûÔÚHMCµÄÊÕÈëÓëÔÚ˽ÈË»ù½ð¹«Ë¾¿ÉÕõµÃµÄÊÕÈë¼ä´æÔÚ¾Þ´óÂä²î¡£
ËäÈ»°£¶û£°£Àû°²µÄÊÕÈëÔÚ¹þ·ð´óѧÖÐËãÊǼ«¸ßµÄ£¬µ«¶ÔÓÚÒ»¸ö¶Ô³å»ù½ðµÄ¾ÀíÀ´Ëµ£¬±ê×¼µÄ³êÀͼÆËãģʽÊÇ°´Ëù¹ÜÀí×ʲú×ܶîµÄ2£¥¼ÆËã¹ÜÀí·Ñ£¬¼ÓÉÏ20£¥µÄ»ù½ðÄêͶ×ÊÀûÈó¡£Òò´Ë£¬¹ÜÀíÒ»Ö§ÊýÊ®ÒÚÃÀÔªµÄ¶Ô³å»ù½ð£¬Æä¾ÀíÿÄê¾Í¿ÉÕõµÃ¼¸Ç§ÍòÃÀÔªµÄÊÕÈë¡£ÕâÖÖÂä²îÎÞÒÉÊǺܴóµÄ¡£¡ö
¶þ¡¡ÂüÀ¥µÄ¾¼ÃѧµÚÒ»¿Î
¡°¾¼Ãѧ¿Î³ÌµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÀí½âÈËÀà¾ÓסµÄÕâ¸öÊÀ½ç£¬¶ø²»Êdz«µ¼Ä³¸öÌض¨µÄÕþ²ßÁ¢³¡¡±
9ÔÂ17ÈÕ£¬¹þ·ð´óѧÐÂѧÄêµÄµÚÒ»Ìì¡£ÖÐÎç12ʱ×óÓÒ£¬¸ñÀû¸ßÀÂüÀ¥½ÌÊÚ×øÔÚÉ£µÂ˹£¨Sanders£©½²ÌõĽ²Ì¨Ì¨½×ÉÏ£¬ÒÔÎÕÊÖµÄÐÎʽÏòÐÂÉúÎʺá£
µØ´¦¹þ·ðУ԰ÖÐÐĵÄÉ£µÂ˹½²ÌÃÊǹþ·ð´óѧ×î´óµÄ½²Ìã¬×øÂäÓÚ¡°¼ÍÄî½ÌÌá±£¨Memorial¡¡Church£©ÄÚ¡£×÷Ϊһ×ù×ãÒÔÈÝÄÉ1000È˵Ľ²Ìã¬É£µÂ˹½²ÌÃÒ²ÊÇÖйúÇ°¹ú¼ÒÖ÷ϯ½ÔóÃñ1998ÄêÔì·Ã¹þ·ð´óѧʱ·¢±íÑݽ²µÄµØ·½¡£
ÂüÀ¥Êǹþ·ð´óѧ×îÓÐÉùÍûµÄ½ÌÊÚÖ®Ò»¡£ËûµÄÑо¿ÐËȤÉæ¼°¹ã·º£¬°üÀ¨¼Û¸ñµ÷Õû¡¢Ïû·ÑÕßÐÐΪ¡¢½ðÈÚÊг¡¡¢»õ±ÒºÍ²ÆÕþÕþ²ßÒÔ¼°¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹¡£Ëû»¹ÒÔ¶à²úÖø³Æ£¬Æä´ú±í×÷°üÀ¨Á½±¾Á÷´«¼«¹ãµÄÖø×÷¡ª¡ª¡¶Öм¶ºê¹Û¾¼Ãѧ¡·ºÍ¡¶¾¼ÃѧÔÀí¡·¡£ÕâÁ½±¾Êé±»·Òë³É³¬¹ý15ÖÖÎÄ×Ö£¬ÏúÁ¿´ïÉÏ°ÙÍò²á¡£ÂüÀ¥»¹»îÔ¾ÔÚ¾¼ÃÕþ²ßÁìÓò¡£´Ó2003Äêµ½2005Ä꣬ËûÔøµ£Èβ¼Ê²Õþ¸®¾¼Ã¹ËÎÊίԱ»áÖ÷ϯ¡£
ÂüÀ¥ÔÚ¹þ·ðËù½ÌÊڵĿγ̷±¶à£¬ÆäÖÐÒÔ¹ØÓÚ¾¼ÃѧÔÀíµÄµ¼ÂÛ¿Î×îΪÈ˳ƵÀ£¬Ã¿ÄêÑ¡Ð޸ÿγ̵ÄѧÉú¶à´ï1000ÈË¡£¸Ã¿Î³ÌÔÚ¹þ·ð¾¼ÃϵµÄ´úÂëÊÇEc10£¬ÊÇÒ»ÃűØÐ޿Ρ£Í¬Ê±£¬ÒòΪ¿Î³ÌÖ¼ÔÚÏòѧÉú½éÉܾ¼ÃѧµÄ¶¨Ò壬ËùÒԿγÌÒ²±»³Æ×÷¡°Ec10Éç»á·ÖÎö¡±¡£ÓÉÓڿγ̵ÄÈëÃÅÐÔÖÊ£¬Ã¿ÄêÑ¡Ð޸ÿγ̵Ä1000ÃûѧÉúÖУ¬´ó¶àÊÇÒ»Ä꼶ÐÂÉú¡£¶ø×÷ΪһÃű¾¿Æ¿Î³Ì£¬ÆäÊÜ»¶Ó³Ì¶ÈÓëÈÕ¾ãÔö¡£
ÖÐÎç12£º05£¬ÂüÀ¥×¼µã¿ªÊ¼½²¿Î¡£ËûÊ×ÏÈ»¶ÓËùÓÐÌý¿ÎµÄѧÉú£¬²¢¹ÄÀøËûÃÇÔÚËÄÄê±¾¿ÆµÄ¿ªÊ¼½×¶Îѧ»á¿ª·Åʽ˼¿¼£¬³¢ÊÔ°üÀ¨¾¼ÃѧÔÚÄڵIJ»Í¬Ñ§¿Æ¡£½Ó×Å£¬ÂüÀ¥¿ªÊ¼½âÊͿγ̵ݲÅÅ¡£ËûÖ±ÑÔËûÖ»ÊÇ¡°´ó¿ÎÌõÄÖ÷Òª½Ìʦ¶ø·ÇÖ÷µ¼½Ìʦ¡£¡±ËûµÄ¿Îʱ°²ÅÅÌá¸ÙÏÔʾ£¬ËûÖ»´òËãÔÚΪÆÚ13ÖܵÄÇ^ѧÆÚ°²ÅÅÁù´Î1СʱµÄ½²ÊÚ£¬ÆäËûËĴν²ÊÚ½«Óɾ¼ÃϵÁíÍâËÄÃû½Ìʦµ£µ±¡£
»·¹Ë¼·µÃÂúÂúµ±µ±µÄ½²Ìã¬ÂüÀ¥³Æ£º¡°ÕâÃÅ¿ÎËùÎüÒýµÄѧÉúÊýÁ¿Ï൱ÓÚÕû¸ö¾¼ÃѧԺËùÓµÓÐѧÉúµÄÊýÁ¿¡£¡±¾ÝϤ£¬ËùÓÐѧÉú½«·ÖΪ34×飬½ÌѧºÍÆÀ·ÖÔòÓÉ34ÃûÖú½ÌÍê³É£¬ËûÃǶ¼ÊǾ¼ÃϵµÄÑо¿Éú¡£ÕâÃſεÄÖú½ÌÊýÁ¿ÒѾ³¬¹ýÃÀ¹úÆäËûСÐÍÎÄ¿ÆѧԺ¡°¾¼ÃѧÔÀí¡±¿ÎÕû¼¶Ñ§ÉúµÄÊýÁ¿¡£ÔÚÃÀ¹úµÄ´óѧ£¬Ò»°ã¶¼ÓɽÌÊÚµ£µ±Ö÷½²£¬²¢Ö±½ÓÓëѧÉú½»Á÷¡£ÂüÀ¥µÄǧÈË´ó¿ÎÌÃÏÔÈ»ÎÞ·¨×öµ½¡£ÓÚÊÇ£¬34ÃûÖú½ÌµÄÔðÈÎÊǽÌÊÚ²¢¸ø³¬¹ý30¸öѧÉú×é³ÉµÄС×é½øÐÐÆÀ·Ö¡£¶ø¹ÜÀíºÍе÷Õâ34ÃûÖú½Ì£¬±¾Éí¾ÍÊÇÒ»ÏîºÄʱºÄÁ¦µÄ¹¤×÷¡£ÂüÀ¥½«×Ô¼ºÍê³ÉÕâЩ¹ÜÀí¹¤×÷Â𣿴ð°¸ÊÇ·ñ¶¨µÄ¡£¿ÎÌÃÉÏ£¬ÂüÀ¥½«Ò»Î»ÃûΪÎ÷¶ûάÑÇ¡¤°¢µÂ¸ñÄÈ£¨Silvia¡¡Ardgna£©µÄÄêÇáÅ®ÐÔ½éÉܸøÔÚ×ùµÄѧÉú£¬²¢Ö¸ÆäÊÇÕâÃſγ̡°×îÖØÒªµÄÈË¡±£¬ËùÓеÄѧÉú¶¼Ó¦¸ÃÈÏʶËý¡£°¢µÂ¸ñÄÈÊǾ¼ÃϵµÄÖúÀí½ÌÊÚ£¬¸ºÔð¹ÜÀíËùÓеÄÖú½Ì¡£
Õâ¸öÊÀ½çÉϲ»·¦ÓÅÐãµÄѧÉú£¬µ«²¢·ÇËùÓеÄÓÅÐãѧÉú¶¼ÊʺϹþ·ð¡£¹þ·ðµÄѧÉúÐèÒªºÜÇ¿µÄ×ÔÎÒѧϰÄÜÁ¦ºÍÄܶ¯ÐÔ£¬Í¬Ê±»¹ÒªÏ൱´ÏÃ÷£¬·ñÔòËûÃǺÜÈÝÒ×ÑÍûÔÚ¹þ·ðÕâ¸ö¼«¶ÈÅÓ´ó¶